氯吡格雷联合前列地尔对急性脑梗死患者疗效、血流动力学及凝血功能水平的影响

目的：探讨氯吡格雷联合前列地尔对急性脑梗死患者的疗效及对患者血流动力学、凝血功能水平的影响。方法：选取2015年6月-2017年6月某院收治的急性脑梗死患者90例，按照随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组，每组各45例。对照组患者在常规治疗基础上给予氯吡格雷治疗，观察组患者在对照组治疗基础上给予前列地尔治疗。比较2组患者临床治疗效果；检测治疗前、后2组患者血浆黏度（PV）、血浆纤维蛋白原（FIB）、血小板聚集率（PAR）、凝血酶原时间（PT）、活化部分凝血活酶时间（APTT）、D-二聚体（D-D）水平。结果：对照组患者治疗后临床总有效率为64.44%；观察组患者治疗后临床总有效率为86.67%。两者比较差异有显著性（P<0.05）。治疗前，2组患者血流动力学指标PV、FIB、PAR及凝血功能指标PT、APTT、D-D水平比较，差异无显著性（P>0.05）。治疗后，对照组及观察组患者PV、FIB、PAR及D-D水平均明显低于本组治疗前，PT、APTT水平均明显高于本组治疗前；观察组患者治疗后PV、FIB、PAR及D-D水平均明显低于对照组治疗后，PT、APTT水平均明显高于对照组治疗后，差异均有显著性（P<0.05）。结论：氯吡格雷联合前列地尔对急性脑梗死患者具有较好的临床疗效，可通过抑制血小板活性及降低血液黏度，起到改善患者血流动力学水平，调节患者凝血功能的作用。     

Is stenting for atherosclerotic renal stenosis an effective technique?

IntroductionOne of the treatments for renal artery stenosis is endovascular intervention, but its effectiveness is controversial. The present study aims to analyze the experience of a working group in the endovascular treatment of selected patients with severe obstructive atherosclerotic lesions of the renal arteries, and to characterize early and late results.MethodsThis is a retrospective study of symptomatic patients with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis who underwent endoluminal therapy between May 12, 1999 and March 12, 2015 at two institutions. Statistical analysis was performed using the PASW Statistics program.ResultsA total of 99 patients were treated, mean age 66 years and 76.8% male. The mean degree of stenosis measured by renal Doppler echocardiography was 83% and 64.6% were ostial lesions. Mean preoperative creatinine level was higher than the postoperative mean: 1.3 vs. 1.2 mg/dl (p=0.014). The number of antihypertensive drugs in the preoperative period was higher than in the postoperative period: 2.0 vs. 1.3 (p=0.001). The mean follow-up was 40 months (0-164). The mean peak systolic velocity over time in the postoperative period was 77 cm/s (40-250). The restenosis rate was 8%, and 30-day mortality was 0%.ConclusionsThe results demonstrated that the endovascular technique has a beneficial effect on blood pressure and renal function in selected patients, and is a safe technique associated with a high rate of technical success and few complications.     

Utility of the 3‐Vessel and 3‐Vessel and Trachea Views in Prenatal Diagnosis of a Pulmonary Artery Sling

A pulmonary artery (PA) sling is a very rare congenital cardiovascular anomaly, and only a few studies have reported PA slings in fetuses. The relationship of the PA, aorta, ductus arteriosus, and trachea can be evaluated in the 3‐vessel and 3‐vessel and trachea views during fetal echocardiography. A PA sling can be detected by abnormal positioning of the left PA in relation to the trachea when sweeping from the 3‐vessel view cranially to the 3‐vessel and trachea view. Here we report 3 cases of fetal PA slings and their follow‐ups. Two cases were confirmed by postnatal echocardiography, and the other case was confirmed by a cardiovascular cast after pregnancy termination. We emphasize that the 3‐vessel and 3‐vessel and trachea views are of crucial importance in the prenatal diagnosis of a PA sling.     

Disparity between recent graduates’ and experienced surgeons' assessment of time to operative independence

Background

In cardiothoracic surgery, little data exist on the transition to operative independence. We aimed to compare current perceptions of operative autonomy of junior cardiothoracic surgeons and senior colleagues who oversee transitional years.

Electro‐vectorcardiographic demonstration of bifascicular block associated with ventricular preexcitation

Down syndrome occurs more frequently in the offsprings of older pregnant women and may be associated with atrioventricular septal defect. This refers to a broad spectrum of malformations characterized by a deficiency of the atrioventricular septum and abnormalities of the atrioventricular valves caused by an abnormal fusion of the superior and inferior endocardial cushions with the midportion of the atrial septum and the muscular portion of the ventricular septum.     

Bypass Surgery or Stenting for Left Main Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Diabetes

Background

The randomized EXCEL (Evaluation of XIENCE versus Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery for Effectiveness of Left Main Revascularization) trial reported a similar rate of the 3-year composite primary endpoint of death, myocardial infarction (MI), or stroke in patients with left main coronary artery disease (LMCAD) and site-assessed low or intermediate SYNTAX scores treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Whether these results are consistent in high-risk patients with diabetes, who have fared relatively better with CABG in most prior trials, is unknown.